ABSTRACT
Aim: To determine the intraoperative Ramsay sedation score after dexmedetomidine infusion in patients undergoing perineal surgery. Study design: Descriptive study. Place and duration of study: Department of Anaesthesia, JPMC, Karachi from 13th February 2021 to 13th August 2021. Methodology: One hundred and seventy four patients who met the diagnostic criteria were enrolled. Result(s): The mean age was 46.51 years with the standard deviation of +/-10.87. 66 (37.9%) were male and 108 (62.1%) were female. Whereas, mean duration of surgery, Ramsay sedation score at 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, height, weight and BMI in our study was 1.41+/-0.40 hours, 1.72+/-0.44, 3.51+/-0.60, 4.57+/-0.62, 165.62+/-8.23 cm, 68.34+/-8.23 kg and 24.85+/-3.34 kg/m2 respectively. Conclusion(s): Intraoperative dexmedetomidine proved beneficial in perineal surgeries and could be served as a potent sedative drug.Copyright © 2023 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Pakistan began the year with the military establishment having tightened its grip on political institutions, but as the year progressed, opposition parties sought to reassert themselves and challenged both the PTI government and military leaders. Political movements took center stage as religious extremists as well as regionalist movements drew strength from the challenges to the PTI government. Feminists demanded action after a series of sexual assaults, and religious minorities continued to be targeted by violence. The COVID pandemic upended the economy, which was already straining under low growth and high debt and deficit conditions. Foreign relations provided many challenges as the government sought to target India for its mistreatment of Kashmiris, while the Pakistan-China relationship remained strong. © 2021 by The Regents of the University of California.
ABSTRACT
Aims: To review the data of patients with diabetes admitted with covid-19 infection from March 2020 to May 2020 in our hospital to improve access to specialist care. Methods: Data was retrospectively collected on 72 adult inpatients from our hospital covid database with type 2 diabetes and covid-19 (positive PCR) between March and May 2020. The data extracted from electronic record included demographics, co-morbidities, type of diabetes, complications, antidiabetic medications and outcomes. Results: Out of 72 patients, 46 (63%) were male, 58 (80%) British White, (56) 78% were above 60 years and 43 (59.7%) had a length of stay up to 10 days. 69 (96%) had type 2 diabetes, 7 (10%) had diabetic ketoacidosis, 50 (69%) had HbA1c >7.5% (IFCC 58 mmol/ mol) and 42(58%) had blood pressure> 130/80 mmHg;37(51%) patients were discharged home while 34 (47%) patients died during the hospital stay. Out of 34 deaths, 20 (58%) were above 60 years. Conclusion: Diabetes is a significant predictor of co-morbidity and mortality in patients with covid-19. Patients in elderly age group and those with poorly controlled diabetes and blood pressure had worst prognosis. This pilot data has helped us secure funding for a small research project designed to study the psychosocial aspects to improve the care of these patients post-covid, with regular specialist input as there is lack of community diabetes care.